EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND RISK FACTORS FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT BY SUS IN BRAZIL: A DECADAL DATA REVIEW

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the incidence and risk factors associated with retinal detachment in Brazil, utilizing data from the Unified Health System (SUS). It proposes enhancements to public health policies and access to eye care. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of hospitalization data for retinal detachment from DATASUS, covering 2014 to 2024. The data examined included demographic and clinical details such as age, gender, color/race, and geographic location. Trends over time and regional variations were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: There were 236,711 hospitalizations for retinal detachment noted during the study period. The Southeast region recorded the highest incidence, followed by the South and Northeast. The most affected age group was 60-69 years, with a balanced prevalence between the sexes. White and brown individuals exhibited a higher incidence. A notable annual increase in cases was observed starting in 2022. Conclusions: The study underscores a significant incidence of retinal detachment in Brazil's urbanized and developed areas, with marked disparities in treatment access across regions. It recommends that public health policies should prioritize enhancing eye care access and launching prevention and education programs, particularly targeting the most affected regions and vulnerable groups.