CHEMICAL PROFILE AND IN VITRO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF THE HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF MANGUIFERA INDICA

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the chemical profile of the hydroalcoholic extract of Mangifera indica L. flowers and evaluate its in vitro anticancer activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract was obtained by maceration with ethanol 70% (v/v), followed by concentration and lyophilization. Chemical characterization was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The anticancer activity was evaluated against twelve human cancer cell lines (colon, lung, cervical, oral, prostate, neuroblastoma, and liver) using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, and the IC₅₀ values were determined. Results: HPLC-MS analysis identified ten phenolic compounds, with ellagic acid (30.1 mg/g), ethyl gallate (21.1 mg/g), and ethyl digallate (20.6 mg/g) as the major constituents. The extract exhibited potent and selective cytotoxic activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 9.84 to 81.93 mg/L. The highest activity was observed against colon 502713 (9.84 mg/L), neuroblastoma IMR-32 (10.34 mg/L), Hep-2 (10.42 mg/L), and cervical SiHa (12.07 mg/L) cells. Moderate activity was observed against SW-620 (32.87 mg/L), DU-145 (45.69 mg/L), and HT-29 (46.62 mg/L). Lower sensitivity was observed for lung HOP-62 (81.93 mg/L) and HCT-15 (63.80 mg/L) cells. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of M. indica flowers presents a promising and selective anticancer profile, particularly against colon, neuroblastoma, Hep-2, and cervical cancer cells.