SMART AND EFFICIENT GREENHOUSES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW IN THE AGRONOMIC, COMPUTATIONAL, AND ENERGY SCOPE

Technological advances have brought to light the evolution of techniques for controlled cultivation, known as smart and efficient greenhouses. In this scenario, it is possible to control environmental variables, such as light intensity and quality, nutrient and CO2 administration, ambient temperature and relative air humidity, which directly impact the crop productive development. Therefore, this research, with an exploratory approach characterized by a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), sought to identify scientific research that related agricultural cultivation in controlled environments, with a focus on banana and orchid seedlings, with the use of intelligent computational techniques that depict monitoring and control over local domain variables. As well as aspects related to energy efficiency, considering the agronomic, computational, and energetic scope. Thus, more than 2,000 scientific publications were identified and submitted to a time frame of 5 to 10 years, with the reading of the title, abstract, and keywords, resulting in a final portfolio of 66 qualitatively analyzed studies. It was concluded that the articles began to be published almost half a century ago and that in the last 10 years there was a significant increase in the number of studies. In addition, the studies highlighted the possible solutions for the control system of variables, sensors, actuators, computing systems used, and algorithms. It was also possible to verify that the various articles analyzed categorize five main axes for the development of energy efficient greenhouses: Geometry, orientation, covering and insulating materials, openings, and shading systems.